Coaching Character Along With The Sport

Coaching Character Along With The Sport

Youth sports coaches have an obligation to prioritize character development along with the teaching of the sport.

Primary Responsibility of a Coach

Coaches often rank among the most influential adults that young people interact with. A coach’s perceived knowledge and experience with the sport they love naturally garners respect and high esteem.

This kinship bestows a responsibility on youth coaches far beyond game strategy and the X’s and O’s.  In addition to skill development, coaches are obligated to model values that influence the person, not just the player.  In other words, their primary commitment is to coach the whole athlete, not just the sport.

Conflict of Interests in a Win-First Culture

Kids participating in youth sports are typically between the ages of 5 and 18.  These years encompass early instructional programs all the way through higher-level high school athletics.

At the recreational level, attending to an athlete’s physical or emotional needs is relatively straight-forward.  The goal is fun, so a coach can easily divert time and energy away from the field to focus on the individual.

In higher-level competition, however, coaches often encounter conflicts of interest in developing both the player and the individual.  Here, coaches are incentivized to develop skills, create pathways for scholarships, provide exposure to scouts, and in short, to WIN.  Parents demand these outcomes given the thousands of dollars they invest to give their kids a leg up.  This type of win-first environment emphasizes on-the-field achievement over the underlying physical and emotional needs of maturing youth.

Performance Expectations & Conditional Behavior

It’s common in these cultures for coaches to impose expectations specifically geared toward performance and winning.  When those expectations are met, i.e., the athlete scores their points, drives in their runs, and brings home the trophy, they receive praise and are rewarded for executing the plan.

But when expectations on the field are not met, the pressure rises.  Coaches push their athletes harder to live up to their end of the bargain.  Kids discover that praise and recognition are conditional on their success, not a function of effort or process.  Failure on the field can even result in public embarrassment and physical consequences, seen as motivators to improve performance.

Athlete-First Cultures

Regardless of age or competitive level, no youth athlete is ever a finished product, on or off the field.  They will always be influenced by the words and actions of their coaches.

To make a positive impact, coaches should afford the time and patience needed for athletes to build confidence and develop personal identity.

In an athlete-first culture, failure and unmet expectations are viewed as teaching opportunities rather than justification to belittle.  Support and investment does not fluctuate based on performance; rather, remains unconditional regardless of outcomes.  This freedom allows athletes to perform without fear and grow into their individual potential.  Without it, they can be left unfulfilled, burned out, and lacking the intrinsic motivation needed to succeed over the long-term.

Cultures are Not Mutually Exclusive

Cultures centered on winning and personal development do not have to be mutually exclusive.  Investing in both requires perspective with intentional focus on preparation, patience, communication and consistency to nurture both responsibilities simultaneously.

All parties play a role in this process.  Let’s take on the challenge of influencing both aspects of development to justify the respect and esteem placed on coaches by young athletes.

Tommy John Surgery & Young Athletes

Tommy John Surgery & Young Athletes

The need for Tommy John Surgery, the procedure used to repair a damaged ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) of the elbow, is occurring at an alarming rate among younger and younger athletes.  Today’s hyper-competitive youth sports environment, early sport-specialization trends, and the remarkable success of the procedure itself have all contributed to a dangerous desensitization of risk factors.

A HIDDEN DANGER

With every new spring season, the sights, sounds and smells of baseball awaken on ballfields across the country.  It’s a time of great joy and excitement for ballplayers who can’t wait to dig in their cleats and slide into second base again.

For most, it’s been 9 months since they last eagerly put on a uniform; but for others, last year’s fall season transitioned straight into winter instructional programs and then again into the new spring season.

For those young athletes who play baseball year-round, a hidden danger is lurking amongst all the enthusiasm, and its name is Tommy John.

TOMMY JOHN

Tommy John was a major league pitcher with the Los Angeles Dodgers and New York Yankees who, in 1974, underwent the first surgery to reconstruct an ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) of the elbow.  His had ruptured while on the mound, putting the remainder of his playing career in jeopardy.  The experimental surgery was pioneered by Dr. Frank Jobe who with this revolutionary new procedure, forever changed the landscape of baseball and professional sports.  Not only did Tommy John return to the major league mound, he went on to win more games post-surgery than he had prior and pitched until he was 46 years old.  The operation from which he was the first beneficiary now fittingly carries his name.

TOMMY JOHN SURGERY & THE IMPACT ON YOUNG ATHLETES

Orthopedic doctor examining young athlete's elbow

We instinctively think of Tommy John Surgery (TJS) belonging to the realm of professional sports and athletes.  We often hear of MLB pitchers losing full seasons due to the need for the procedure.  The surprising reality is that nearly 60% of all TJ surgeries in the United States are performed on 15–19-year-old kids.  Orthopedic surgeons describe the growing volume of cases among this age group as an epidemic requiring the industry’s full and immediate attention.

RISK FACTORS FOR YOUNG ATHLETES

Catastrophic injuries of this nature don’t occur in a vacuum; they’re affected by years of adverse risk factors that weaken the stability of the elbow and ultimately cause the ligament to fail.  The onset of this weakening process can begin as early as 6, 7 and 8 years old.

OVERUSE & SPECIALIZATION

Overuse is far and away the leading cause of shoulder and elbow injuries in young athletes, particularly UCL injuries.  Youth baseball is now available throughout the calendar year with seasonal leagues, travel teams, showcase tournaments and special instructional programs.  It’s also often the case, too, that kids will play on more than one team at a time, experience overlapping schedules and jump from one season directly into the next.

The risk with this type of specialization, particularly for pitchers, is not getting the proper rest their still maturing arms need to fully recover from throwing.  Growing bodies need time to rest – more time, in fact, than we may realize – to minimize the risk of serious injury down the road.

FATIGUED ARMS

It’s the accumulation of throwing with fatigued arms that puts young athletes most at risk.  Players, parents, coaches, officials and administrators should all coordinate efforts to spot and preempt typical types of fatigue scenarios.

‘Event fatigue’ is one scenario, in other words, throwing too many pitches or innings in a single game without the prerequisite rest ahead of time.  Another is ‘seasonal fatigue,’ throwing too much and too frequently over the course of a long season.  And ‘annual fatigue,’ where an athlete doesn’t get the recommended 3-4 consecutive months of non-throwing rest prescribed for pitchers at all levels of play.  Too much, too fast is a troubling reality for many kids, as studies have shown that young pitchers who throw with tired arms are 36x more likely to experience shoulder and elbow injuries as compared to their well-rested counterparts. 

POOR PITCHING MECHANICS

Young boy pitching baseball in a game

Poor pitching mechanics are another predictive risk factor for UCL problems.  Repeatedly throwing a baseball, overhand, at high velocities places stress on the arm even with the purest of deliveries, much more so without the proper use of legs and core to generate force.  Any breakdown along the kinetic chain, starting with the feet and ending at the wrist, puts undue, and unnatural, strain on the elbow.  Although we often hear about pitchers described as having been blessed with God-given arm talent, the reality is the UC ligament is not designed to withstand that type of constant strain, often leading to its ultimate failure.

THE RISKS ARE WORTH TAKING

Despite the warning signs, many kids and parents alike feel the risks are worth taking.  The techniques performed in Tommy John surgeries have advanced greatly over the decades, and given the high percentage of patients who experience positive outcomes, many believe that if indeed it did happen to them, they would come out the other side even better than before.

There is no scientific evidence, however, that a pitcher at any level throws harder as a result of a new elbow ligament.  Any gain in velocity is thought to result from strengthening the arm and body during the intense 12–18-month rehabilitation process.  Regardless, the fact that so many pitchers have returned to the mound post-TJS has desensitized many to the point where the procedure is now often considered routine.

PITCH & INNING COUNTS

There are a lot of ways a young ballplayer can mitigate the risks of repetitive throwing in an effort to avoid the operating table.  For one, pitch and inning counts.  Many youth leagues now require mandatory rest time for pitchers based on the amount of throwing done over a certain period of time.

SPORT DIVERSIFICATION

Another is not specializing at all; rather, participating in several different sports throughout the course of a calendar year.  Playing multiple sports tends to produce more well-rounded athletes but more importantly, ensures the proper recovery time from stressful, highly-repetitive throwing motions.

PROPER EFFORT EXPENDITURE

More fundamentally, prioritizing proper warm-up routines and encouraging pitchers not to throw with 100% max effort every pitch can go a long way.  Judiciously pacing energy and force expenditure while on the mound affords a proportional pacing benefit of stress and wear on the elbow.

REST

Teenage boy with Tommy John surgery scar on elbow

Finally, and most importantly…rest.  Never allow a young athlete to throw with a fatigued arm.  Watch for changes in body language like shaking or rubbing of arms or the sudden loss of velocity and control.  Any of these warning signs may signal a potential injury or the need for additional recovery time.

In the end, there’s no way to know for certain if a young pitcher will ever face the prospect of Tommy John surgery.  Taking preventative measures at early ages can greatly improve the odds, however, and allow us all to return to the carefree joys of spring and youth baseball.

Perspective is Everything for Sports Parents

Perspective is Everything for Sports Parents

A simple shift in perspective for sports parents can go a long way toward supporting young athletes today and into the future.

Perspective isn’t always a given when it comes to the most important aspects of our lives.  Our family, friends, health, and careers are all places where passions can get the best of us.  Parenting is right at the top of that list, and “sports parenting” in particular, can often a trigger our strongest emotional reactions.

Parents can have strong opinions about youth sports

We’ve all been at games where a fellow parent has expressed their strong – and vocal – assessment of the action on the field.  Commentary about which kids are playing, the officials calls, or even how a particular kid could make such a bad play.

As uncomfortable as it is to hear, those reactions don’t typically come from a bad place.  We all care about how our kids perform on the field.  It impacts their emotional wellbeing and status amongst their peer group.  But placing such emphasis on singular outcomes misses the point, leading only to anxiety and a narrowing view of the bigger picture..

To be certain, something primal stirs deep inside as we watch our kids run out onto the field.  We can’t help but live vicariously through their sports lives because we want them to achieve more than we did in sports.

Achieving more might mean playing high school sports, earning a college scholarship, or (dare I say it) playing professional sports one day.  Despite their promise, however, the reality of playing sports at an elite level is quite the long shot.

According to the NCAA, less than 6% of high school football players will go on to play at any level of college competition, and a mere .08% will ever be drafted into the NFL.

The odds for boys high school basketball players are even longer with less than 3% playing college ball and .03% playing in the NBA.

The director of my son’s little league program once began a parent meeting noting that the league had been in operation since the 1950’s and tens of thousands of kids had come through the program since its inception.  He asked if anyone knew how many of those kids ever made it to the big leagues or even the higher ranks of the minor leagues.  While the answer was just a handful, he jokingly concluded by saying he was certain “our kids would be the next.”  It got a good laugh but put our role as sports parents, as well as the ultimate purpose of youth sports, into a new perspective.

The fact of the matter is, our kids aren’t going pro.

Not in sports, anyway.  Which beckons a shift of focus away from future athletic prowess toward a greater opportunity – namely, using youth sports as the centerpiece to prepare kids for challenges outside the bright lights of the sports arena.

Youth sports can be viewed as a true microcosm of life, offering an incredibly rich backdrop from which to identify, teach and reinforce life lessons.  A simple change in perspective presents an endless array of teachable moments to be knocked down one by one.

A kid’s lack of playing time becomes a lesson on perseverance.  The bad call made by an official becomes a real-time example of overcoming adversity.  And that error on the field instills the work ethic to improve and do better the next time.

Those scenarios just scratch the surface of what’s available to parents – handling success and failure, setting goals, building confidence, rewarding effort; instilling determination, consistency, dedication, resiliency, humility, respect, teamwork, sportsmanship – you name it and you can find it out on your local ball field.

This shift in perspective offers an additional benefit as well – it all eliminates the stress and emotions of gameday.  Every play on the field, whether good or bad (or even ugly), becomes an opportunity to teach rather than a setback to a kid’s future.

Parents use youth sports to support and teach their kids essential life lessons

The time young athletes have to play sports is finite.  For most, it will be over seemingly before it even begins.  By entrusting the play-by-play to the participants on the field, parents can better appreciate the joy kids have in playing and maximize their own enjoyment of this fleeting time.

And in doing so, take comfort in the knowledge that those experiences will prepare kids for their future endeavors, even if it happens to be outside of professional sports.

How To Raise Tough & Resilient Athletes

How To Raise Tough & Resilient Athletes

Raising emotionally tough and resilient athletes in the high-pressured culture of youth sports is one of the greatest challenges facing parents today.

The high-pressure culture of youth sports can become burdensome for young athletes not yet equipped with the skills to process those demands.  Performance, dedication, consistency, and ultimately winning are inescapable realities for athletes and their starting points for achieving success.  Raising tough and resilient athletes who can manage these pressures has become an ongoing challenge for today’s parents.

With forethought and a broad perspective, however, parents can implement techniques and strategies to help kids develop the emotional toughness and resiliency needed for success over the long term.

Encourage a Growth Mindset

A growth mindset maintains the belief that intelligence and abilities can be developed and improved through effort, dedication, and a willingness to learn.  Teach your child to embrace challenges, view setbacks as opportunities for growth, and believe in their ability to improve through effort and perseverance. Foster a mindset that values hard work and resilience over innate talent.

Set Realistic Expectations

Help your child set realistic goals and emphasize the importance of progress over a sole focus on the outcome. Helping them break down larger goals into smaller, more manageable steps will build confidence and a willingness to tackle more significant challenges.  Encourage them to compete against themselves and strive for improvement against personal bests.

Teach Coping Skills

Equip your child with coping skills to handle the inevitable setbacks, failures, and disappointments. Teach them to analyze failures, identify their cause, make appropriate adjustments, and bounce back stronger. Encourage positive self-talk and teach relaxation techniques to manage stress and anxiety.

Model Resilience

Be a role model for resilience in your own life.  Show your child how you handle challenges, setbacks, and failures with grace and a positive attitude. Share your own experiences of overcoming difficulties and how they have contributed to your personal growth.

Foster Independence and Responsibility

Encourage your child to take ownership of their sports activities.  Let them set personal goals, make decisions, and manage their own training schedules to develop a sense of responsibility and independence.

Mom who is proud of her tough and resilient son

Provide Supportive Feedback & Encouragement

Offer constructive and specific feedback to help your child identify areas for improvement. Focus on their effort, progress, and positive aspects of their performance, while avoiding excessive criticism or overly emphasizing mistakes.  Let them know that you believe in their abilities and that you are there to support them through thick and thin.

Foster a Supportive Environment

Create a supportive and positive home environment where your child feels free to take risks and make mistakes. Offer words of encouragement, praise their effort, and remind them of past successes to boost their confidence.

Encourage Multi-Sport Participation

Encourage your child to participate in multiple sports and engage in various physical activities. This diversification promotes overall athleticism, reduces the risk of burnout, and enhances resilience by exposing them to varying challenges and experiences.

Teach Life Skills

Help your child understand that sports are not solely about winning but also about developing life skills. Emphasize the importance of qualities such as discipline, time management, perseverance, teamwork, and respect, all of which are valuable beyond the playing field.

It’s important to recognize that all young athletes are unique and in different stages of emotional development, so consideration of their individual needs, preferences, and developmental stage is needed when applying these strategies.  When adopted, however, these techniques can help kids strengthen the emotional toughness and resiliency needed for success in sports over the long term.

Why Are Parents So Critical of Their Kids’ Sports Performance?

Why Are Parents So Critical of Their Kids’ Sports Performance?

When it comes to youth sports, many parents find themselves deeply invested and critical of their kids’ sports performance. From the sidelines of a soccer field to the bleachers of a basketball court, it’s common to hear parents offering unsolicited feedback, cheering passionately, or even displaying frustration if things don’t go well. This extreme level of parental engagement, however, often morphs itself into plain old criticism.

The Desire to See Their Kids Succeed

One of the primary reasons parents may criticize their child’s performance in sports is an earnest desire for their child to succeed. Many parents see sports as an avenue for personal growth, character building, and potential future opportunities. When a child makes a mistake or underperforms, parents may feel disappointed not only for the outcome but because it could limit the child’s potential. This desire for success can sometimes translate into intense expectations, which come out as critical feedback.

Living Through Their Children’s Achievements

For some parents, watching their children participate in sports can feel like a second chance to achieve the dreams they didn’t reach themselves. Known as “vicarious living,” this phenomenon occurs when parents project their unfulfilled aspirations onto their children. If a parent once dreamed of being a star athlete but didn’t reach that level, they might push their child harder, wanting them to accomplish what they couldn’t. This projection often intensifies the pressure on the child and can lead to critical and sometimes harsh assessments of their performance.

Social Pressures and Expectations

The competitive nature of youth sports has significantly increased over the years, often influenced by social pressures and cultural expectations. With the rise of social media, parents are more connected to other families’ experiences and accomplishments than ever before. This comparison can lead some parents to be overly critical of their children’s sports performance, wanting them to match or exceed the perceived standards set by others. The desire to fit in or even “keep up” with peers can fuel parental criticism, especially when they see other children excelling.

Parents watching youth soccer game from sideline, being critical of their kids' sports performance.

Perceived Investment and Return

Sports can be a significant financial and time investment for families. Many parents spend hours at practices, pay for equipment, and travel for tournaments. In this light, parents may view their child’s performance as a form of return on investment, especially if they’ve sacrificed time or money for the activity. When a child doesn’t perform well, parents may feel their investment isn’t yielding results, leading to frustration that can manifest as criticism.

The Misconception That Pressure Builds Resilience

Some parents believe that applying pressure will instill a strong work ethic and help build resilience in their child. They might think that tough love will encourage their child to push harder and improve. While this might work for some individuals, research suggests that constant criticism more often undermines confidence than builds it. Criticism from parents, even if well-intentioned, can foster self-doubt in children, leading them to feel as though they’re never good enough.

Lack of Understanding About Youth Development

In some cases, parents lack a deep understanding of youth sports and the physical and mental development of children. They may have unrealistic expectations of what their children can achieve at a young age, failing to recognize that mistakes and inconsistencies are part of the learning process. Criticizing a child for not meeting adult-like standards can be unfair and damaging. Youth sports experts emphasize the importance of gradual development and the value of enjoyment over performance for young athletes.

The Impact of Criticism on Children

When parents are overly critical, children can begin to associate sports with stress and anxiety instead of fun and personal growth. Studies show that constant criticism can lead to low self-esteem, a fear of failure, and a higher likelihood of quitting sports altogether. Positive reinforcement and encouragement, on the other hand, can foster a love for the sport and improve the child’s performance over time.

A Healthier Approach: Encouragement Over Criticism

To support their children in sports, parents can focus on creating a positive and supportive environment. Recognizing and celebrating effort, not just outcomes, helps build confidence and resilience. It’s essential for parents to remember that, for young athletes, sports should first and foremost be enjoyable. Encouraging a child’s love for the game and supporting their progress can yield more success—and happiness—than any form of criticism ever could.

While parents’ intentions are often rooted in love and a desire for their children to succeed, an overly critical approach can backfire. By shifting focus from performance to enjoyment and growth, parents can help their children develop a healthier, more sustainable relationship with sports, one that nurtures confidence and a lifelong passion for activity.